1. 罕见,平均发病年龄59岁(36-74岁),女性发病明显占优势(男女比例2:9);
2. 肿瘤通常体积较大(2.4-7.6cm),实性,界限不清,呈浸润性生长方式,切面灰白-棕黄色,发现时常侵犯甲状腺外;
3. 形态学类似涎腺分泌性癌,结构多样,筛状、微囊、实性、梁状、乳头、假乳头等均可出现;
4. 腺腔内可见嗜酸性或弱嗜碱性分泌物,分泌物周围偶见空隙或呈扇贝样;
5. 肿瘤细胞多角形,常形态一致,核浆比例低或中等,胞浆丰富,嗜酸性,呈颗粒状、小泡状或空泡状,胞浆内有嗜酸性分泌物。
6. 核圆形到卵球形,染色质泡状。核膜不规则和核沟可能很明显,核内假包涵体很少见,但也可以看到。核仁通常是单一的,突出的,位于细胞中央,可为嗜酸性的;
7. 间质常见致密的玻璃样变或纤维化;
8. 少数病例核分裂活跃伴坏死。
1. TTF-1和TG阴性,而 mammaglobin (乳腺球蛋白)和S100(9/10)阳性,染色可呈斑片状,强弱不等;
2. 肿瘤细胞GCDFP-15可呈阳性;
3. 有9/10(90%)的病例中发现PAX8免疫反应,通常呈局灶性和弱反应;
4. 6例中有5例(83%)的肿瘤细胞显示GATA3的灶性表达;
5. 腔内分泌物PAS和mucicarmine阳性。
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