Granular Cell Tumor,GCT
赵明 刘正智
更新时间:2019-03-21 16:26:00
同义词(或曾用名):颗粒性肌母细胞瘤、颗粒细胞神经鞘瘤、颗粒细胞神经纤维瘤
概述:
发病部位:头颈部最常见,特别是舌和口腔,其次乳腺及其他实质脏器也可发生。
诊断要点:
1.多发生于40-60岁成年人,男性略多见;头颈部最常见,特别是舌和口腔,其次乳腺及其他实质脏器也可发生;多表现位皮下的孤立性无痛性结节,偶见多灶发生;
2.肿瘤多见于皮肤和皮下组织,亦可见于黏膜部位和肌内或内脏器官,界限不清楚,无包膜,质软,实性,灰白、灰黄色;
3.肿瘤细胞呈巢状、簇状或成片的上皮样细胞胞质呈嗜伊红色细颗粒状,部分可见到嗜酸性小球PAS染色阳性;
4.肿瘤细胞间为宽窄不等的纤维结缔组织间隔;瘤细胞成片状或条索状分布在胶原纤维束之间;
5.瘤细胞核通常小而深染,有时可见较大呈空泡状的核,通常罕见核分裂象,无坏死;
6.30%的病例可见表覆鳞状上皮呈现假上皮瘤样增生;
7.Fanburg-Smith等根据以下6个组织学特征对皮肤颗粒细胞的生物学行为进行分类,包括1,存在肿瘤性坏死;2,空泡状核伴有大的核仁;3,核分裂象>2/10HPF;4,高核浆比;5, 存在梭形肿瘤细胞;6,细胞多形性。存在3个或3个以上特征时定义为恶性颗粒细胞瘤,仅有1个或2个上述特征时归类为非典型颗粒细胞瘤,无上述任何特征者定义为良性颗粒细胞瘤。
免疫组织化学染色:
分子标记:
鉴别诊断:
2.牙龈颗粒细胞瘤:好发于新生儿,瘤细胞不表达S-100蛋白。
3.腺泡状软组织肉瘤: 发病年龄较清,组织学上以假腺泡状结构为主,瘤细胞可见空泡状核和明显的核仁,胞浆内可见PAS和PAS-D阳性的棒状结晶,免疫组化染色弥漫表达TFE3,存在TFE3基因重排,不表达S100蛋白等可资鉴别。
治疗:
参考文献:
1.Battistella M et al: Vascular invasion and other invasive features in granular cell tumours of the skin: a multicentre study of 119 cases. J Clin Pathol. 67(1):19-25, 2014
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3.Gomes CC et al: Evidence for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at chromosomes 9p and 17p in oral granular cell tumors: a pilot study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 115(2):249-53, 2013
4.Izquierdo F et al: Perineurial cells in granular cell tumors and neoplasms with perineural invasion: an immunohistochemical study. Am J Dermatopathol. 34(8):800-9, 2012
5.Covington MF et al: Pituicytoma, spindle cell oncocytoma, and granular cell tumor: clarification and meta-analysis of the world literature since 1893. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 32(11):2067-72, 2011
6.Nasser H et al: Malignant granular cell tumor: a look into the diagnostic criteria. Pathol Res Pract. 207(3):164-8, 2011
7.Papalas JA et al: Recurrence risk and margin status in granular cell tumors of the breast: a clinicopathologic study of 13 patients. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 135(7):890-5, 2011
8.Rejas RA et al: The neural histogenetic origin of the oral granular cell tumor: an immunohistochemical evidence. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 16(1):e6-10, 2011
9.Shintaku M: Immunohistochemical localization of autophagosomal membrane-associated protein LC3 in granular cell tumor and schwannoma. Virchows Arch. 459(3):315-9, 2011
10.Papalas JA et al: Isolated and synchronous vulvar granular cell tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 17 cases in 13 patients. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 29(2):173-80, 2010